With the aid of a $9.3 billion surplus, Treasurer Jim Chalmers has announced a number of proposals to help Australians manage their finances, whether they’re paying off a student loan, looking for work or paying rent.
There’s also a $300 energy bill rebate, cheaper medicine and superannuation for paid parental leave.
But with interest rates at generational highs, cost of living pressures and the ongoing debate about housing affordability, read on for how the proposals might affect your household expenses and financial future.
Remember, many of these proposals could change as legislation passes through parliament.
Relieving cost of living pressures
Energy bill relief is on the way - Proposed effective date: 1 July 2024
All households will receive a $300 a year rebate in quarterly instalments on their energy bills. Eligible small businesses will receive $325 a year.
Making it easier for students to manage and repay their loans - Proposed effective date: 1 June 2023 (backdated)
The Government will cap the indexation rate for student loans at the lower of either the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or the Wage Price Index (WPI).
This will apply to all Higher Education Loan Program (HELP), vocational education and training (VET) Student Loans, Australian Apprenticeship Support Loans and other student loan accounts.
This proposal is designed to prevent growth in student debts from outpacing wages in the future.
It means the indexation rate will be reduced from 7.1% to 3.2% in 2023 and from 4.7% to around 4% in 2024.
The ATO will automatically apply an indexation credit to reduce the outstanding loan. You can estimate the amount of credit you’ll receive here.
Superannuation
Paying superannuation on Paid Parental Leave - Proposed effective date: 1 July 2025
The Government will pay superannuation on the Paid Parental Leave scheme at 12% of the PPL rate, which is set at the national minimum wage (currently $882.75 per week). The contribution rate will be the same as the new super guarantee rate come 1 July 2025.
The proposal will help to normalise parental leave as a workplace entitlement, close the super gender gap and reduce the impact of taking parental leave on retirement incomes. It builds on legislation yet to be passed to gradually increase PPL to 26 weeks by July 2026.
Contributions will be taxed at the super tax rate of 15% and count towards the concessional contributions cap.
The Australian Tax Office (ATO) will make the payments directly to the recipients super account.
Social security and aged care
Relieving cost of living pressures for retirees - 1 July 2024
The Government will extend the existing two-year freeze on deeming rates by another 12 months.
The lower rate of 0.25% and upper rate of 2.25% will remain frozen until 30 June 2025.
The deeming rate is the assumed return that retirees receive on their investments and helps to work out their age pension entitlements.
The freezing of deeming rates has provided some certainty in an environment of rising interest rates to help alleviate cost of living pressures for retirees. It’s part of the government’s broader efforts to support individuals on fixed incomes during times of economic fluctuation.
Increasing Rent Assistance
Proposed effective date: 20 September 2024
The Government will increase the maximum Rent Assistance rate by 10% to help address rental affordability challenges. This is in addition to the 15% increase in September 2023. You can find out more about Rent Assistance here.
Securing cheaper medicines
Proposed effective date: 1 January 2025
There will be a temporary freeze on indexing the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) co-payment.
In 2024, the co-payments are $31.60 for general patients and $7.70 for concessional patients.
From 1 January 2025, the Government will introduce:
a 1-year freeze on indexation for PBS co-payments for general patients
up to a 5-year freeze for concessional patients.
The $1 discount will gradually be removed without leaving patients worse off.
Increasing the flexibility for carers to work and study
Proposed effective date: 20 March 2025
The Government will provide greater flexibility for Carer Payment recipients to structure their work and study commitments around their caring role.
Recipients will be able to work up to 100 hours over a four-week period.
Travel time, education and volunteering won’t be counted.
A six-month suspension period will be introduced for recipients who work over the limit. So if their circumstances change, they won’t need to reapply.
Temporary Cessation of Care days can be used for one-off instances of exceeding the limit.
This will help carers to better balance work, study, volunteering and their caring duties, particularly if they live in regional and remote areas and need to travel further.
Providing extra funding for aged care
Proposed effective date: From 2023-24
The Government will provide $2.2 billion over five years from 2023–24 to deliver key aged care reforms.
The Government is also providing an extra 24,100 Home Care packages in 2024–25 to reduce wait times.
Keeping women safe
Proposed effective date: 1 July 2023
The Government has pledged $925.2 million over five years to the Leaving Violence Program to support victim survivors leaving a violent intimate partner relationship.
From 1 July 2025, victims of domestic violence will be able to access up to $5,000 a year of financial support indexed to keep pace with inflation.
The Government has also allocated $1 billion to crisis housing for women and children escaping domestic violence.
Tax – personal
No changes to previously legislated tax ratesEffective date: 1 July 2024
| Tax rate* (%) | Taxable income ($) |
|---|---|
| 0 | 0 - 18,200 |
| 16 | 18,201 – 45,000 |
| 30 | 45,001 – 135,000 |
| 37 | 135,001 – 190,000 |
| 45 | > 190,000 |
In 2024-25, the effective tax-free thresholds will increase.
Individuals below age pension age – $22,575
Individuals of age pension age, eligible for Seniors and Pensioners Tax Offset (SAPTO):
Single – $35,813
Member of a couple (each) – $31,888*
Illness separated couple (each) $34,626*
*Some Medicare levy may be payable.
These thresholds include the $700 Low Income Tax Offset (LITO).
Increasing the Medicare Levy low-income thresholds
Effective date: 1 July 2023
Low-income taxpayers will continue to pay a reduced rate or be exempt from the Medicare levy. The threshold for:
Singles will increase from $24,276 to $26,000.
Families will increase from $40,939 to $43,846.
Single seniors and pensioners will increase from $38,365 to $41,089.
Families (seniors and pensioners) will increase from $53,406 to $57,198.
For each dependent child or student, the family income thresholds increase by a further $4,027.
Tax – Small Business
Extending the $20,000 instant asset write-off
The Government will extend the instant asset write-off scheme by 12 months until 30 June 2025 to support small businesses with improving cashflow and encourage business investment. Small businesses, with annual turnovers of less than $10 million, will be able to immediately deduct the full cost of eligible assets costing less than $20,000.
Source: AMP